Dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar:
1. Ürün mutlaka doktor kontrolünde kullanılmalıdır.
2. Antidepresan ilaç kullananların, kullanmaması ya da doktor kontrolünde kullanması gerekir.
3. Anestezik ilaçların etkilerini azaltabilir. Bu nedenle operasyon öncesinde kullanılmamalıdır.
4. Kan sulandırıcı kullanmak zorunda olanların doktor kontrolünde kullanmaları gerekir.
5. Kanda digoxin seviyesini düşürdüğünden digoxin kullananların kullanmamasını öneririz.
6. Yüksek dozlarda Doğum kontrol hapı, kalsiyum kanal blokörlerinin etkilerini azaltabilir.
7. Gebelerde yapılmış çalışma mevcut değildir. Tıbbi görüş alınmadan kullanılmamalıdır.
8. Daha fazla bilgi için lütfen doktorlarımızla iletişime geçiniz.
9. Beklenmeyen bir etki gördüğünüzde doktorlarımıza 24 saat ulaşabilirsiniz.
Hipokrat ve Pliny tarafından başlıca kullanılan bitkiler arasında olan sarı kantoron siyatik ve zehirli böcek sokmalarında kullanılmıştır. Asya ve Avrupa’da yüzyıllardır kullanılan sarı kantoron, topikal olarak yanık yaralarında kullanılmıştır. Bölgesel olarak halkın genellikle kullandığı rahatsızlıklar ise, böbrek, mide ve akciğer hastalıkları ile melankoli ve delilikte kullanılmıştır.3
Kanser:
Hypericin kanser hücreleri üzerinde apoptik (doğal hücre ölümü) ve oksijenle hücre ölümü sağlar.17,18 Fotodinamik terapi ile birlikte yapılan hücre kültürü çalışmaları kanser hücreleri üzerine sitotoksik etkileri ispatlanmıştır.18,19,45,46 Hyperforinin in vitro fare ve insan memeli kanser hücreleri squamöz cell ca, melanoma, lymphoma ile yapılan çalışmalar yüz güldürücü sonuçlar vermiştir.47
Depresyon:
Anti depresan etkinliğini içerisindeki Hiporfirin ve flavonoid içeriği ile sağlar.4 İçeriğinde pek çok nörotransmitter ve hormon içerir. MAO (Mono amino oksidaz) enzimi inhibisyonu yapar.7 Asıl etkisini Hypericin ile gösterir.8 Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar serotonin, nöroepinefrin ve dopamin reuptakini engellediğini ortaya koymuştur.11,12
Antibakteriyaldir:
Bu etkisinin içeriğinde mevcut Hiperforinle gösterir. Grampozitif ve bir çok virüse etki eder. Organizmaların hüvre memebranını bozarak etki eder.15,16
Mevsimsel Affektif Bozukluklar:
Günde üç kez 5’er damlalık kullanımları etkin dozu oluşturmaktadır.43,44
Alkolizm:
Alkolizmde ümit verici sonuçlar alınmıştır.48
Somatoform Rahatsızlıklar:
Somatoform bozukluk semptomları, dispne, çarpıntı, göğüs ağrısı, baş dönmesi, baş ağrısı, anksiyete atakları, yorgunluk, körlük, paralizi, anestezi, afoni, boğazda yumru hissi, nöbetler ve konvulsiyon, bayılma, bilinç kaybı, amnezi, görmede bulanıklık, görsel varsanılar, sağırlık, olfaktor varsanılar, güçsüzlük, eklem ağrısı, eksteremite ağrısı, rektum vagina ve ağızda yanma hissi, diğer bedensel ağrılar, deprese duygular, fobiler, gebelik boyunca kusma, sinirlilik, işten uzak durmak zorunda hissetme, kilo kaybı, ani kilo değişiklikleri, anoreksi, bulantı, kusma, abdominal ağrı, abdominal şişkinlik, gıda tahammülsüzlüğü, diare, kabızlık, dizüri, üriner retansiyon, dismenore, menstrüel düzensizlik, aşırı menstrüel kanama, cinsel ilgisizlik, cinsel soğukluk, disparöni, sırt ağrısı, aşırı yakınma, umutsuzluk, her zaman hasta olma, ölüm düşüncesi, ölme isteği, intihar düşüncesi ve girişimi, birşey yapma zorluğu izlenmesi olası belirtilerdendir. Bu tarz rahatsızlıklar genellikle yapılan tıbbi tetkik ve taramalar sonucunda tanı konamayan hastalardır. Bu tarz hastalarda kullanılabilir. 49
Yara iyileşmesi:
Yara iyileşmesi üzerine hızlandırıcı etkileri mevcuttur.50
| İçerisindeki Aktif Madde Oranları: |
| * Hypericin ve pseuda hypericin1 %0,1-0,3 80-90% ‘ı hypericin ve pseudohypericin |
| * Uçucu Yağ61 %0,05-0,3 α-pinene, cineole |
| * Carotenoid61 %7 Ortalama |
| * Tannins61 %6-15 |
| * Flavonoids61 (0.5-1.0%) hyperoside, quercetin, and rutin |
| * Fenil Propanes61 %0,1 Caffeic acid, Chlorogenic acid |
| * Phloroglucinols5,6 2-5% Hyperforin5,6 |
| * Proanthocyanidins61 %8 |
| * Tannic asit61 %6-15 |
| * Amino Asit61 %0,01 GABA, Cysteine, Glutamine, Leucine, Lysine, Ornithine, Proline, Threonine |
Referanslar:
1. Wichtl M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1994:273-275.
2. Blumenthal M, Goldberg A, Brinckmann J, eds. Herbal Medicine: Expanded Commission
E Monographs. Newton, MA: Integrative Medicine Communications; 2000:359-366.
3. Culpeper N. The English Physician, or an Astrologo-physical Discourse on the Vulgar
Herbs of this Nation. London, England: Nathanial Brook; 1652.
4. Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physicians’ Guide to Herbal
Medicine. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag;2001:57-77.
5. Chatterjee SS, Bhattacharya SK, Wonnemann M, et al. Hyperforin as a possible antidepressant
component of Hypericum extracts. Life Sci 1998;63:499-510.
6. Muller WE, Singer A, Wonnemann M. Hyperforin – antidepressant activity by a novel
mechanism of action. Pharmacopsychiatry 2001;34:S98-S102.
7. Suzuki O, Katsumata Y, Oya M, et al. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase by hypericin.
Planta Med 1984;50:272-274. 8.
8.Holzl J, Demisch L, Gollnik B. Investigations about antidepressive and mood changing effects of Hypericum perforatum. Planta Med1989;55:643.
9. Bladt S, Wagner H. Inhibition of MAO by fractions and constituents of Hypericum extract. J Geriatr
Psychiatry Neurol 1994;7:S57-S59.
10. Thiede HM, Walper A. Inhibition of MAO and COMT by Hypericum extracts and hypericin. J
Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994;7:S54-S56.
11. Muller WE, Rolli M, Schafer C, Hafner U. Effects of Hypericum extract (LI 160) in biochemical
models of antidepressant activity. Pharmacopsychiatry 1997;30:S102-S107.
12. Muller WE, Singer A, Wonnemann M, et al. Hyperforin represents the neurotransmitter reuptake
inhibiting constituent of Hypericum extract. Pharmacopsychiatry 1998;31:S16-S21.
13. Schule C, Baghai T, Ferrera A, Laakmann G. Neuroendocrine effects of Hypericum extract WS
5570 in 12 healthy male volunteers. Pharmacopsychiatry 2001;34:S127-S133.
14. Franklin M, Cowen PJ. Researching the antidepressant actions of Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s
wort) in animals and man. Pharmacopsychiatry 2001;34:S29-S37.
15. Weber ND, Murray BK, North JA, Wood SG. The antiviral agent hypericin has in vitro activity against
HSV-1 through non-specific association with viral and cellular membranes. Antivir Chem Chemother
1994;5:83-90.
16. Lenard J, Rabson A, Vanderoef R. Photodynamic inactivation of infectivity of human immunodeficiency
virus and other enveloped viruses using hypericin and rose Bengal: inhibition of fusion and syncytia formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993;90:158-162.
17. Thomas C, MacGill RS, Miller GC, Pardini RS. Photoactivation of hypericin generates singlet
oxygen in mitochondria and inhibits succinoxidase. Photochem Photobiol 1992;55:47-53.
18. Hadjur C, Richard MJ, Parat MO, et al. Photodynamically induced cytotoxicity of hypericin dye on
human fibroblast cell line MRC5. J Photochem Photobiol Biol B 1995;27:139-146.
19. Linde K, Ramirez G, Mulrow C, et al. St. John’s wort for depression – an overview and metaanalysis
of randomized clinical trials. BMJ 1996;313:253-261.
20. Kasper S. Hypericum perforatum – a review of clinical studies. Pharmacopsychiatry 2001;34:S51-
S55.
21. Snow V, Lascher S, Mottur-Pilson C. Pharmacologic treatment of acute major depression and
dysthymia. American College of Physicians- American Society of Internal Medicine. Ann Intern
Med 2000;132:738-742.
22. Williams JW Jr, Mulrow CD, Chiquette E, et al. A systematic review of newer pharmacotherapies for
depression in adults: evidence report summary. Ann Intern Med 2000;132:743-756.
23. Sommer H, Harrer G. Placebo-controlled doubleblind study examining the effectiveness of a
Hypericum preparation in 105 mildly depressed patients. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994;7:S9-S11.
24. Hansgen KD, Vesper J, Ploch M. Multicenter double-blind study examining the antidepressant
effectiveness of the Hypericum extract LI 160. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1994;7:S15-S18.
25. Montgomery SA, Hubner WD, Grigoleit HG. Efficacy and tolerability of St. John’s wort extract
compared with placebo in patients with mild to moderate depressive disorder. Phytomedicine 2000;7:S107.
26. Schrader E, Meier B, Brattsrom A. Hypercium treatment of mild-moderate depression in a placebocontrolled
study. A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Hum Psychopharmacol 1998;13:163-169.
27. Lecrubier Y, Clerc G, Didi R, Kieser M. Efficacy of St. John’s wort extract WS 5570 in major depression:
a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1361-1366.
28. Kalb R, Trautmann-Sponsel RD, Kieser M. Efficacy and tolerability of Hypericum extract WS
5572 versus placebo in mildly to moderately depressed patients. A randomized double-blind
multicenter clinical trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 2001;34:96-103.
29. Shelton RC, Keller MB, Gelenberg A, et al. Effectiveness of St. John’s wort in major depression:
a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001;285:1978-1986.
30. Vorbach EU, Hubner WD, Arnoldt KH. Effectiveness and tolerance of the Hypericum extract LI 160
in comparison with imipramine: randomized double-blind study with 135 outpatients. J Geriatr
Psychiatry Neurol 1994;7:S19-S23.
31. Wheatley D. LI 160, an extract of St. John’s wort, versus amitriptyline in mildly to moderately
depressed outpatients – a controlled 6-week clinical trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 1997;30:S77-S80.
32. Philipp M, Kohnen R, Hiller KO. Hypericum extract versus imipramine or placebo in patients
with moderate depression: randomised multicentre study of treatment for eight weeks. BMJ
1999;319:1534-1538.
33.Woelk H. Comparison of St. John’s wort and imipramine for treating depression: randomised
controlled trial. BMJ 2000;321:536-539.
34. Schrader E. Equivalence of St. John’s wort extract (Ze 117) and fluoxetine: a randomized, controlled
study in mild-moderate depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2000;15:61-68.
35. Harrer G, Schmidt U, Kuhn U, Biller A. Comparison of equivalence between the St. John’s wort
extract LoHyp-57 and fluoxetine. Arzneimittelforschung 1999;49:289-296.
36. Behnke K, Jensen GS, Graubaum HJ, Gruenwald J. Hypericum perforatum versus fluoxetine in the
treatment of mild to moderate depression. Adv Ther 2002;19:43-52.
37. Friede M, Henneicke von Zepelin HH, Freudenstein J. Differential therapy of mild to moderate depressive episodes (ICD-10 F 32.0; F
32.1) with St. John’s wort. Pharmacopsychiatry 2001;34:S38-S41.
38. Brenner R, Azbel V, Madhusoodanan S, Pawlowska M. Comparison of an extract of Hypericum (LI 160) and sertraline in the treatment of depression: a double-blind, randomized pilot study. Clin Ther 2000;22:411-419.
39. Hypericum Depression Trial Study Group. Effect of Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) in major
depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;287:1807-1814.
40. van Gurp G, Meterissian GB, Haiek LN, et al. St. John’s wort or sertraline? Randomized controlled
trial in primary care. Can Fam Physician 2002;48:905-912.
41. Hubner WD, Kirste T. Experience with St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) in children under 12
years with symptoms of depression and psychovegetative disturbances. Phytother Res
2001;15:367-370.
42. Findling RL, McNamara NK, O’Riordan MA, et al. An open-label pilot study of St. John’s wort in
juvenile depression. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003;42:908-914.
43. Kasper S. Treatment of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) with Hypericum extract. Pharmacopsychiatry 1997;30:S89-S93.
44. Wheatley D. Hypericum in seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Curr Med Res Opin 1999;15:33-37.
45. Thomas C, Pardini RS. Oxygen dependence of hypericin-induced phototoxicity to EMT6 mouse
mammary carcinoma cells. Photochem Photobiol 1992;55:831-837.
46. Vandenbogaerde AL, Delaey EM, Vantieghem AM, et al. Cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect of
hypericin and derivatives after photosensitization. Photochem Photobiol 1998;67:119-125.
47. Schempp CM, Kirkin V, Simon-Haarhaus B, et al. Inhibition of tumour cell growth by hyperforin, a
novel anticancer drug from St. John’s wort that acts by induction of apoptosis. Oncogene 2002;21:1242-1250.
48. Overstreet DH, Keung WM, Rezvani AH, et al. Herbal remedies for alcoholism: promises and
possible pitfalls. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2003;27:177-185.
49. Volz HP, Murck H, Kasper S, Moller HJ. St. John’s wort extract (LI 160) in somatoform disorders:
results of a placebo-controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2002;164:294-300.
50. Lavagna SM, Secci D, Chimenti P, et al. Efficacy of Hypericum and Calendula oils in the epithelial
reconstruction of surgical wounds in childbirth with caesarean section. Farmaco 2001;56:451-453.
51. Demott K. St. John’s wort tied to serotonin syndrome. Clin Psychiatry News 1998;26:28.
52. Gordon JB. SSRIs and St. John’s wort: possible toxicity? Am Fam Physician 1998;57:950,953.
53. Beckman SE, Sommi RW, Switzer J. Consumer use of St. John’s wort: a survey on effectiveness, safety,
and tolerability. Pharmacotherapy 2000;20:568-574.
54. Piscitelli SC, Burstein AH, Chaitt D, et al. Indinavir concentrations and St. John’s wort. Lancet
2000;355:547-548.
55. Ruschitzka F, Meier PJ, Turina M, et al. Acute heart transplant rejection due to Saint John’s wort. Lancet
2000;355:548-549.
56. Breidenbach T, Hoffmann MW, Becker T, et al. Drug interaction of St. John’s wort with cyclosporin. Lancet 2000;355:1912.
57. Karliova M, Treichel U, Malago M, et al. Interaction of Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort)
with cyclosporin A metabolism in a patient after liver transplantation. J Hepatol 2000;33:853-855.
58. Barone GW, Gurley BJ, Ketel BL, et al. Drug interaction between St. John’s wort and cyclosporine. Ann Pharmacother 2000;34:1013-1016.
59. Johne A, Brockmoller J, Bauer S, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of digoxin with an herbal extract
from St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum). Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;66:338-345.
60. Roby CA, Anderson GD, Kantor E, et al. St. John’s wort: effect on CYP3A4 activity. Clin Pharmacol
Ther 2000;67:451-457
61.Jeffrey M. Greeson · Britt Sanford · Daniel A. Monti St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum): a review of the current pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical literatureReceived: 5 January 2001
1) Kanser 43,44
1: Tepkeeva II, Moiseeva EV, Chaadaeva AV, Zhavoronkova EV, Kessler YV, Semushina
SG, Demushkin VP. Evaluation of antitumor activity of peptide extracts from
medicinal plants on the model of transplanted breast cancer in CBRB-Rb(8.17)1Iem
mice. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2008 Apr;145(4):464-6. PubMed PMID: 19110595.
2: Kober M, Pohl K, Efferth T. Molecular mechanisms underlying St. John's wort
drug interactions. Curr Drug Metab. 2008 Dec;9(10):1027-37. Review. PubMed PMID:
19075619.
3: Olivo M, Du HY, Bay BH. Hypericin lights up the way for the potential
treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer by photodynamic therapy. Curr Clin Pharmacol.
2006 Sep;1(3):217-22. Review. PubMed PMID: 18666746.
4: Hashida W, Tanaka N, Kashiwada Y, Sekiya M, Ikeshiro Y, Takaishi Y. Tomoeones
A-H, cytotoxic phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum ascyron. Phytochemistry.
2008 Aug;69(11):2225-30. Epub 2008 Jun 13. PubMed PMID: 18556029.
5: Momekov G, Ferdinandov D, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Nedialkov P, Girreser U,
Kitanov G. Cytotoxic effects of hyperatomarin, a prenylated phloroglucinol from
Hypericum annulatum Moris subsp. annulatum, in a panel of malignant cell lines.
Phytomedicine. 2008 Jun 5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 18539018.
6: Hu ZP, Yang XX, Chen X, Cao J, Chan E, Duan W, Huang M, Yu XQ, Wen JY, Zhou
SF. A mechanistic study on altered pharmacokinetics of irinotecan by St. John's
wort. Curr Drug Metab. 2007 Feb;8(2):157-71. PubMed PMID: 17305494.
7: Branda RF, Powden C, Brooks EM, Yildirim Z, Naud SJ, McCormack JJ. Vitamin E
but not St. John's wort mitigates leukopenia caused by cancer chemotherapy in
rats. Transl Res. 2006 Dec;148(6):315-24. PubMed PMID: 17162253.
8: Bobrov N, Cavarga I, Longauer F, Rybárová S, Fedorocko P, Brezáni P, Miskovskı P, Mirossay L, Stubna J. Histomorphological changes in murine fibrosarcoma after
hypericin-based photodynamic therapy. Phytomedicine. 2007 Feb;14(2-3):172-8. Epub
2006 Nov 7. PubMed PMID: 17095201.
9: Zeisser-Labouèbe M, Lange N, Gurny R, Delie F. Hypericin-loaded nanoparticles
for the photodynamic treatment of ovarian cancer. Int J Pharm. 2006 Dec
1;326(1-2):174-81. Epub 2006 Jul 15. PubMed PMID: 16930882.
10: Kiesslich T, Krammer B, Plaetzer K. Cellular mechanisms and prospective
applications of hypericin in photodynamic therapy. Curr Med Chem.
2006;13(18):2189-204. Review. PubMed PMID: 16918348.
11: Berlanda J, Kiesslich T, Oberdanner CB, Obermair FJ, Krammer B, Plaetzer K.
Characterization of apoptosis induced by photodynamic treatment with hypericin in
A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol.
2006;25(1-2):173-88. PubMed PMID: 16566716.
12: Stavropoulos NE, Kim A, Nseyo UU, Tsimaris I, Chung TD, Miller TA, Redlak M,
Nseyo UO, Skalkos D. Hypericum perforatum L. extract - novel photosensitizer
against human bladder cancer cells. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2006 Jul
3;84(1):64-9. Epub 2006 Mar 15. PubMed PMID: 16540336.
13: Quiney C, Billard C, Faussat AM, Salanoubat C, Ensaf A, Naït-Si Y, Fourneron
JD, Kolb JP. Pro-apoptotic properties of hyperforin in leukemic cells from
patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia. 2006
Mar;20(3):491-7. PubMed PMID: 16424868.
14: Peterson C. [Natural remedies--self care at your own risk! Danger of unknown
adverse effects and interactions with "common" medications]. Lakartidningen. 2005
Oct 31-Nov 6;102(44):3200-1. Swedish. PubMed PMID: 16329448.
15: Skalkos D, Stavropoulos NE, Tsimaris I, Gioti E, Stalikas CD, Nseyo UO,
Ioachim E, Agnantis NJ. The lipophilic extract of Hypericum perforatum exerts
significant cytotoxic activity against T24 and NBT-II urinary bladder tumor
cells. Planta Med. 2005 Nov;71(11):1030-5. PubMed PMID: 16320204.
16: Yamakuni T, Aoki K, Nakatani K, Kondo N, Oku H, Ishiguro K, Ohizumi Y.
Garcinone B reduces prostaglandin E2 release and NF-kappaB-mediated transcription
in C6 rat glioma cells. Neurosci Lett. 2006 Feb 20;394(3):206-10. Epub 2005 Nov
2. PubMed PMID: 16260090.
17: Tian R, Koyabu N, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y, Ohtani H, Sawada Y. Functional
induction and de-induction of P-glycoprotein by St. John's wort and its
ingredients in a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005
Apr;33(4):547-54. Epub 2005 Jan 7. PubMed PMID: 15640377.
18: Weber CC, Kressmann S, Fricker G, Müller WE. Modulation of P-glycoprotein
function by St John's wort extract and its major constituents.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 2004 Nov;37(6):292-8. PubMed PMID: 15551196.
19: Kamuhabwa A, Agostinis P, Ahmed B, Landuyt W, van Cleynenbreugel B, van
Poppel H, de Witte P. Hypericin as a potential phototherapeutic agent in
superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Photochem Photobiol Sci.
2004 Aug;3(8):772-80. Epub 2004 Apr 2. Review. PubMed PMID: 15295634.
20: Cancer, depression, and St. John's wort. Integr Cancer Ther. 2002
Dec;1(4):417-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 14664734.
21: Thomas C, Pardini RS. Oxygen dependence of hypericin-induced phototoxicity to EMT6 mouse
mammary carcinoma cells. Photochem Photobiol1992;55:831-837.
22: Vandenbogaerde AL, Delaey EM, Vantieghem AM, et al. Cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effect of
hypericin and derivatives after photosensitization. Photochem Photobiol 1998;67:119-125.
23:Schempp CM, Kirkin V, Simon-Haarhaus B, et al. Inhibition of tumour cell growth by hyperforin, a
novel anticancer drug from St. John’s wort that acts by induction of apoptosis. Oncogene 2002;21:1242-1250.
2) Alkolizm
1. Overstreet DH, Keung WM, Rezvani AH, et al. Herbal remedies for alcoholism: promises and possible pitfalls. Alcohol Clin Exp Res2003;27:177-185.
3) Yara iyileşmesi
1. Lavagna SM, Secci D, Chimenti P, et al. Efficacy of Hypericum and Calendula oils in the epithelial
reconstruction of surgical wounds in childbirth with caesarean section. Farmaco 2001;56:451-453.
Depressive disorder (mild-to-moderate)
St. John's wort has been extensively studied in Europe over the last two decades, with more recent research in the United States. Short-term studies (1-3 months) suggest that St. John's wort is more effective than placebo (sugar pill), and equally effective as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in the treatment of mild-to-moderate major depression. Comparisons to the more commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants, such as fluoxetine (Prozac®) or sertraline (Zoloft®), are more limited. However, other data suggest that St. John's wort may be just as effective as SSRIs with fewer side effects. Safety concerns exist as with most conventional and complementary therapies. A Anxiety disorder
Overall, there is currently not enough evidence to recommend St. John's wort for the primary treatment of anxiety disorders.
C Atopic dermatitis
Early study of hypericum-cream in the topical treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis shows positive results. Further studies are needed before a firm recommendation can be made.
C Depressive disorder (severe)
Studies of St. John's wort for severe depression have not provided clear evidence of effectiveness.
C Nerve pain
Early study shows that St. John's wort may help neuropathic (nerve) pain. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
C Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
There are a few reported cases of possible benefits of St. John's wort in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Currently there is not enough scientific evidence to recommend St. John's wort for this condition.
C Peri-menopausal symptoms
There is currently not enough scientific evidence to recommend St. John's wort for this indication.
C Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Further studies are needed before a strong recommendation can be made.
C Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
Despite some promising early data, there is currently not enough evidence to recommend St. John's wort for depressive disorder with seasonal pattern or Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).
C Somatoform disorders
Somatoform disorders show physical symptoms that cannot be attributed to organic disease and appear to be of psychic origin. Early evidence shows that St. John's wort may help with somatoform disorders. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
C Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Anti-viral effects of St. John's wort have been observed in laboratory studies, but were not found in one human study. Multiple reports of significant adverse effects and interactions with drugs used for HIV/AIDS, including protease inhibitors (PIs) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), suggest that patients being treated for HIV/AIDS should avoid this herb. Therefore, there is evidence to recommend against using St. John's wort in the treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS. D Social phobia
Results of early study on the efficacy of St. John's wort in social phobia do not show benefit. More study is needed to confirm these findings.
|