The treatment of the breast cancer

What is the treatment options for the breast cancer?
        1.Surgery (the removing of the cancerious tissue by operation.)
        2.Radiation treatment (Killing of the cancerious cells by radiation beams.)
        3.Kemoterapi (Killing of the cancerious cells by drugs or medicines.)
        4.Hormonal treatment (The main purpose of this treatmentis to remove the negative effect of hormones causing the increasing of the cancerious cells giving drugs or medicines to the hormon glands).
The two kinds of operation is applied for the breast cancer.

        1.The operations protecting the breast:They are the operations in which the tumour in the breast is removed only called as lumpectomy.The rest part of the breast is exposed to radiation and the armpit lymph glands are removed usually.
Segmental Mastectomy: The breast tissue around the mass in the breast is removed together with the thin membrane surrounding the breast muscles under the tumour and the armpit lymph glands are removed usually.The radiation therapy is held after the operation.  
2. The operations requiring to remove the breast completely: The decision about the radiation treatment after the operation is determined depending on the properties of the tumour in patological report.
Simple Mastectomy: It is the complete removal of the breast together with the fat tissue and the skin around the breasts by operation and the armpit lymph glands are removed usually.
Modified Radical Mastectomy:It is the most common operation type appealed in breast cancer events. The breast tissue around the mass in the breast is removed together with the thin membrane surrounding the breast muscles under the tumour and the armpit lymph glands are removed usually. The decision about the radiation treatment after the operation is determined depending on the properties of the tumour in patological report.
Radical Mastectomy: The breast is removed together with the breast muscles and the armpit lymph glands.It was mostly applied but it is applied whether the tumour is spread out the breast muscles.

       
Radiation Treatment: It is the method applied by the killing of the tumours using high energy beams.This treatment is held by the aid of the external machine or replacing a radioizotop into the cancerious tissue.

Kemotherapy:
Kemotherapy aims to kill the cancerious cells by medicines applied as liquid to vessels or the drug. It is the systemic treatment because of the effective on the cells all around the body.It is decided in patological report after operation depending on the age,the tumour property,health condition and menopausel condition.  
Hormonel Treatment:
Hormonal treatment has an important role on the treatment of the breast cancer. The main purpose of this treatmentis to remove the negative effect of hormones causing the increasing of the cancerious cells giving drugs or medicines to the hormon glands.It can be applied by removing the hormone glands by operation or drugs only. The drugs are effective on the ostrogen hormone causing to demolish its effects.But some drogs are effective on the hypofise gland.

       
Which treatment is applied and when?
The first treatment is to remove the tumour by operation if the tumour is not spread out the breast.The adjuvant is held if any cancer doesnt exist to kill the probably existing cells in the rest of the body. It is decided in patological report after operation depending on the age,the tumour property,health condition and menopausel condition.
The kemotherapy only or the radiotherapy only or both together or the hormone treatment is applied as adjuvant treatment after the operation.But this treatment is not necessary for the initial phases. The all patients who are operated as the breast protective are applied by the radiation treatment after the operation. The lungs rontgen, the bone sintigraphy,The abdomen ultrasonography and blood tests can be necesasry before the operation to detect the spreading out other organs.More over the 5 years hormone treatment with mouth can be necessary if the ostrogen and progesteron reseptors are positive in the breast tissue removed y operation after the adjuvant treatment.Some times the kemotherapy can be applied before the operation if the tumour is too big to remove by operation.Then the adjuvant treatment is held.
What can be done if the cancer is spread out other sections?
The hormone treatment or kemotherapy can be applied to prevent the spreading and advancing of the metastatic sicknesses. The hormonel treatment can be held if the bone metastas exists only.The kemotherapy is applied where the hormonal treatment is inadequate.The kemotherapy can also be applied if the lungs,liver or other organs’ metastases exist.The radiation therapy is prefered if the brain metastas exists and to prevent the ache on the bones.If the lungs o liver metastas exists lonely thesurgecal operation can be adequate. The patients can be included the clinical studies experiencing the new medicines.

How can a patient who has a breast cancer and completed the adjuvant treatment be watched? These patients should apply for examination in every 3 months for the 2 years after the diagnosing,then in every 6 months between 3rd and 5th years and then in every 1 year. The patients who are operated as breast protective should appeal mamography periodically starting in 6th month after the operation and while the patients who are operatied as completely removal should appeal periodically starting in 12th month after the operation.The doctor will demand the other necessary treatments depending on the conditons and complains.

IMPORTANT WARNINGS
It is the most common cacer event among women and it causes death mostly after the lungs cancer. The most important risk factor is age. The risk is more for the people who have a family background. It is a sickness which can be treated if initially diagnosed. The tightness on the nipple,flowing,wound,reddening,the mass,swelling complains are the main symptoms of the breast cancer. Every women who dont have family background should apply for mamography periodically after 50 years old.The women who have a risk factor should apply in early ages. The tumour can be removed by operation initially.It is decided in patological report after operation depending on the age,the tumour property,health condition and menopausel condition to apply one or more of radiotherapy,keomtherapy or hormonal treatments
The hormone treatment or kemotherapy can be applied to prevent the spreading and advancing of the metastatic sicknesses. The patients who are completed the adjuvant treatment should appeal the doctor for examination periodically